At least 19 killed in Nepal protests over social media ban

 

At least 19 people have been killed and dozens more injured after protests in Nepal against a government ban on social media turned violent. Thousands of demonstrators, largely young people identifying themselves as Generation Z, gathered near the parliament building in Kathmandu to demand the lifting of restrictions on platforms such as Facebook, X, YouTube, and Instagram. Authorities said police were forced to use tear gas, water cannons, batons, and rubber bullets when protesters breached a restricted area. Witnesses reported that some demonstrators scaled the walls of the parliament compound, leading to further escalation. Kathmandu Valley Police confirmed that 17 people died in the capital, while local officials reported two more deaths in the eastern city of Itahari.

The government insists the move is not an outright ban but an effort to bring international platforms into compliance with Nepali law by requiring them to register locally. Officials argue that regulation is necessary to combat misinformation, hate speech, and online fraud. But critics say the decision threatens free expression and business opportunities for millions of Nepalis who rely on social media for communication and commerce. A curfew has now been imposed around the parliament, with army units deployed to enforce order.

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The unrest in Kathmandu is one of the most significant public challenges to the government in recent years. Protesters carried placards with messages like “enough is enough” and “end to corruption,” accusing leaders of authoritarian behavior. Much of the movement is being driven by younger Nepalis who see social media not only as entertainment but also as a vital tool for news, activism, and business. Despite the ban, many are bypassing restrictions by using VPNs, while platforms like TikTok remain operational and filled with content critical of the government’s decision.

Last week, authorities ordered the blocking of 26 platforms for failing to register with the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology. Since then, access has been limited, although two platforms have reportedly been restored after complying with regulations. Communication Minister Prithvi Subba defended the decision, saying the state has a duty to regulate online spaces, but opponents argue that the heavy-handed crackdown is eroding trust in democratic institutions.

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The protests have left the government facing mounting pressure at home and scrutiny abroad. With deaths now confirmed and violence spreading beyond the capital, Nepal’s leaders are under growing criticism for their handling of the crisis and the future of digital freedoms in the country.